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     Mary Blood, daughter of Samuel Blood and Mary Harris, was born in Narrowdale, Staffordshire, in 1776, calculated from stated age at Death.
     She was Baptised on Friday, 23 February 1776.¹
     

     Mary Blood, daughter of Samuel Blood and Mary Harris, was married to John Bull, son of Robert Bull and Mary Jackson, on Wednesday, 24 February 1802 at St. Chad's Church, Longford, Derbyshire.
     St. Chad's Church Marriage Register - "Entry #9 - John Bull and Mary Blood both of this Parish were Married in this Church by Banns this 24th. day of February 1802, by me Ed. Phillips, Vicar.
     Both John and Mary made their Marks, Witnessed by Isaac Potter and Elizabeth Bood, both marked."^2,3

          The U.K.Census of 6 June 1841 listed her in the Household of John Bull, at Bupton, Longford, Derbyshire, who is listed as -
     John Bull     65     Ag. Lab     Yes.⁴
     Mary's entry for the 1841 Census was recorded as -
          Mary Bull     60     ---     No.⁴

     Mary Bull nee Blood was left a Widow on the death of her husband, John in June 1843 in Derbyshire.⁵

          In the 1851 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 30 March 1851, Mary was recorded as the Head of the Household at Bupton, Longford, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Eliza Bull, Reuben Bull, Elizabeth Bull nee Blood, John Bull, Sarah Bull, Thomas Bull, John Bull and William Henry Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; Mary Bull     Head     Widow     74     Ag.lab's widow     STS. Narrowdale.⁶
          ; Eliza Bull     Daughter     Unmarried     35     At home     DBY. Longford.⁶
          ; Ruben Bull     Son     Married     30     Ag.lab.     DBY. Longford.⁶
          ; Elizabeth Bull     D in Law     Married     30     Ag.lab's Wife     DBY. Longford.⁶
          ; John Bull     Grandson     22     Ag. Lab.     DBY. Longford.⁶
          ; Sarah Bull     Grand Daughter     14     At home     DBY. Longford.⁶
          ; John Bull     Grandson     8     At home     DBY. Longford.⁶
          ; Thomas Bull     Grandson     7     At home     DBY. Longford.⁶
          ; William Bull     Grandson     3     DBY. Longford.⁶

     Mary Bull nee Blood, daughter of Samuel Blood and Mary Harris, died in 1859 in Staffordshire, her Death was Registered at the Ashbourne Register Office in the Jul-Aug-Sep Quarter of 1859.⁷

     She was buried in St. Chad's Church, Longford on Saturday, 13 August 1859.
     St. Chad's Church Parish Register Entry - '#834 - Mary Bull of Longford aged 80 years.⁸'

     He was Baptised on Tuesday, 19 March 1748 in All Saints Church, Sudbury, Derbyshire .
     All Saints Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Robert son of Robert & Sarah Bull was Baptized."^1,2

     Robert Bull was married to Mary Jackson on Friday, 22 February 1788 at Ripley, Derbyshire.³

     In the Calendar of Wills at Lichfield, 30 October 1799, for his Father, Robert, the Will mentions his Mother Sarah, his elder brother John, farmer, and his niece, Mary Fitley. His Father had already provided for his children Robert Bull and Ann Fitley.

     Robert Bull wrote his Will on 30 August 1814 in Osliston, Derbyshire;
          This is the Last Will and Testament of me Robert Bull of Osliston in the County of Derby, my will and wish is that all my property real and personal be equally divided amongst my first four sons and daughter after suitable provision is made for my beloved wife during her natural life share and share alike for which purpose lodging and ... in trust to my sons John, William and Richard or their survivors of them all my property which I have lately bought from Mr Charles Bakewell together with all my Goods and chattels monies or S... for money Co...hold and all other properties to which I am or may be possessed of at the time of my decease subject pro such provision as that in their judgement shall think most advisable to provide for their .... during our natural life and hereby appoint my aforesaid sons John, William and Richard Executors of this my last will and testament unto which I have set my hand and seal this thirtieth day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fourteen // Robt. Bull // Signed and sealed. Declared to be the will of the ... named Testator in the presence of us .... have subscribed our names as witnesses // Robt. Wharton, Thomas Jackson // Ann Hollis //.⁴

     Robert Bull, son of Robert Bull and Sarah Baker, died in July 1819,"'in his 70th. year.'", he was survived by his wife Mary Bull.

     He was buried, Trusley on Sunday, 25 July 1819; Entry #17 - Robert Bull of Osliston, Parish of Sutton on the Hill, was Buried 25 July 1819, died age 70 years.⁵

     Probate for Robert's Estate was granted on 27 September 1819 at London.
     Probate Register Entry - " Proved at London on 27th Sept. 1819 before the worshipful .... and Son by the Oaths of John Bull, William Bull Richard Bull the sons ... to whom ... was granted hav I been first ... duly to advis."

     Robert Bull was a Beneficiary of the Will of John Bull written on 16 August 1825; Summary - John Bull of Cubley in the County of Derby, farmer : all goods, stock etc. upon 'the Little Cubley Farm now in my possession', and all other personal estate to wife Elizabeth Bull for her life or until she desires to leave the farm; on her death or at her departure from the farm, all goods to 'my Brother Robert Bull and John Hopkin of Standhills in the Parish of Cubley' farmer, in trust. The goods are then to be sold and the money obtained to provide an income for his wife; on her death £50 of this sum can go to such persons and for such purposes as she may direct in her will; the residue is to go to 'my sons and daughter Robert, Elizabeth, Richard, George and Benjamin' equally. He recommends his wife to be the tenant of Little Cubley Farm, and, after her, her son Daniel Moseley, and he begs 'his Worthy Landlord' to accept them accordingly. Wife, Robert Bull and John Hopkin to be executors. Dated 21 July 1816, signed with his mark, witnessed by Christopher Harrison & Sarah Harrison. Codicil - Robert Bull named in the Will as Trustee and Executor is now dead, Philip Oakden of the Borough of Derby, Gentleman, named in his stead. Dated 8 July 1821, witnessed by Thomas Richardson & Sarah Richardson. Will proved at Lichfield by Philip Oakden, it is noted that the testator died in March last; estate valued at under £600. Sworn on 16 August 1825.⁶

     Mary Jackson was born about 1758, calculated from stated age at death.


     Mary Jackson was married to Robert Bull on Friday, 22 February 1788 at Ripley, Derbyshire.¹

     Mary Bull was a Beneficiary of the Will of Robert Bull written on 30 August 1814 in Osliston, Derbyshire;
          This is the Last Will and Testament of me Robert Bull of Osliston in the County of Derby, my will and wish is that all my property real and personal be equally divided amongst my first four sons and daughter after suitable provision is made for my beloved wife during her natural life share and share alike for which purpose lodging and ... in trust to my sons John, William and Richard or their survivors of them all my property which I have lately bought from Mr Charles Bakewell together with all my Goods and chattels monies or S... for money Co...hold and all other properties to which I am or may be possessed of at the time of my decease subject pro such provision as that in their judgement shall think most advisable to provide for their .... during our natural life and hereby appoint my aforesaid sons John, William and Richard Executors of this my last will and testament unto which I have set my hand and seal this thirtieth day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fourteen // Robt. Bull // Signed and sealed. Declared to be the will of the ... named Testator in the presence of us .... have subscribed our names as witnesses // Robt. Wharton, Thomas Jackson // Ann Hollis //.²

     Mary Bull was left a Widow on the death of her husband, Robert in July 1819.

     Mary Bull died in July 1849, in Trusley, Derbyshire, Burton on Trent,"age 91 years."³

     She was buried in All Saints Church, Trusley on Sunday, 8 July 1849.
     All Saints Church Parish Register Entry - 'Entry #72 - Mary Bull of Osliston, buried 8 July 1849, died age 91 years.⁴'

     John Bull was born in Longford, Derbyshire, about 1841.


          The U.K.Census of 2 April 1871 listed him as a Lodger in the household of John Stevens, at Court 1, Victoria Street, Derby, Derbyshire, who is recorded as - John Stevens     Head     Married     31     Cab Driver     DBY. Derby.¹
     John's entry for the 1871 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Lodger     Unmarried     30     Labourer     DBY. Longford.¹

     John Wrathall Bull, son of John Bull and Elizabeth Wrathall, was born in St.Pauls Cray, Kent, on Saturday, 23 June 1804.
     He was Baptised on Monday, 23 July 1804.¹
     

     Marriage Banns for John Wrathall Bull and Mary Brant Bowyer were published on 1 July 1834 in St. Peter's Church, Prestbury, Cheshire.²

     John Wrathall Bull was married to Mary Brant Bowyer on Wednesday, 9 July 1834 at St. Peter's Church, Prestbury, Cheshire.
     Register Entry - "John Wrathall Bull, Bachelor, aged 21 years of Saltersford-cum-Kettleshume, son of John Bull was Married by Banns to Mary Brant Bowyer, Spinster aged 19 years, daughter of William Bowyer."²

     Item published in Perry's Bankrupt Gazette on 17 January 1835.
     Partnership Dissolved.
     BULL, John Wrathall & Thos. BULL. Teachers - Byron's House Academy near Macclesfield, Cheshire. 13 December 1834.     Debts of J.W.Bull.³

     John Wrathall Bull emigrated from London to Australia in November 1837, together with Mary Brant Bull, John Bowyer Bull and Robert Peel Bull. They departed from London, travelling on the vessel the "Canton"and arrived at Adelaide on 2 May 1838.⁴

     LAW AND CRIMINAL COURTS.
SUPREME COURT.— CIVIL SIDE. FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 18. [Before His Honor the Acting Chief Justice.]
Friday September 18 1857
PLATTS v. BULL.
Mr. Gwynne for the plaintiff; Mr. Hanson for the defendant.
     Action for verbal defamation. Damages, £500. Plea, not guilty. The plaintiff in this case was the Rev. F. C. Platts, incumbent of Glen Osmond Church; and the defendant, Mr. John W. Bull, of Glen Osmond. The declaration, set forth the nature of the slanderous language, as detailed in the evidence. The defendant pleaded not guilty. The witnesses were ordered out of Court. Mr. Gwynne opened the case, and called the following witnesses:-
     The plaintiff, Frederick Charles Platts - Was clergyman of the Church of England, in priests' orders. Resided at Glen Osmond in June last, and was then a licensed minister of the Church of England. Anterior to that, from 1854, the defendant had been on bad terms with him. Had previously sued him for slander and obtained a verdict for £100 damages. On the 3rd June last, was inside passenger by the omnibus to Glen Osmond. Saw the defendant inside alone on entering. He was next to the door. Took his seat at the upper end, and began reading the newspaper. As soon as the conveyance started, the defendant said to him. ' You find something amusing in that paper, I suppose?' Asked him, 'Are you speaking to me?' He replied, 'I am speaking to myself.' There was no other person in the omnibus. After a moment's pause the defendant said, 'A fine batch of lies you have published in that paper, Sir. You liar, you d --- d liar, you father of liars, you prince of devils, you d --- d infernal crawling black slug.' Stopped him at the word slug, and said, 'Is that abuse meant for me?' and called upon the conductor (a boy named Rogers) to listen. Mr. Bull answered, ' Yes, yes, you I mean, Sir.' He then turned to the conductor, and said to him, ' You know those slugs that creep upon the ground - there (pointing to witness) is a d --- d infernal crawling black one.' As the conveyance stopped at that moment, witness got out to look for a seat on the box, which being full, he resumed his former seat, and again looked over his newspaper. As soon as the conveyance again moved, Mr. Bull again spoke to him, and said, ' Poor fellow,' sneeringly; 'you are obliged to come in again. You thought to make your escape, you coward, you crawling wretch; but I have got hold of you now. You shall hear all I have to say; you shall have a benefit. Where is the Bible and Prayer-book you stole, Mr. Platts? I demand of you to restore the Bible and Prayer book of Mrs. Bull's, which you stole at Walkerville.' Asked the conductor if he heard the words. Mr. Bull exclaimed, ' Oh, I'll make him hear,' and then repeated the statement to him by saying, ' Yes. he stole a valuable Bible and Prayer-book. It was left by us at his house, and when we sent for it some days after, Mrs. Platts said they had been sent to Glen Osmond with Mr. Platts's things.' He then called witness ' a b --- y thief, a b --- y rogue, an infernal thief, and a swindler.' Immediately after, he said, ' Where is the money you stole, Mr. Platts; the £7 you robbed the poor Sunday-school children of?' Called upon the conductor, who had been all that time standing on the door-step looking in at the open window, to remember the words. Mr. Bull then said to the conductor, ' You know the £7 gathered by the poor Sunday-school children, which Mrs. Unwin had charge of. There,' pointing to witness, 'is the thief, the b --- y thief, the swindler, the infernal thief, the archrobber.' When he found the abuse did not deprive witness of his self-command the defendant left his seat and thrust his face and his stick nearly in contact with that of witness. He tried to incense witness with jeers and by saying - laughing aloud - ' How do you like that, you coward ? you miserable coward, will you stand all that?' He afterwards said, ' You have gone to law against me, and I suppose you will go to law again; very well, I will give you a bellyful of law. What have you gained by your actions? I have destroyed two-thirds of your endowment, and wait a bit, I'll destroy the rest. I'll do for you before I have finished, and drive you out of the colony. As to my costs, you fool, they do not come out of my pocket; you must have been a fool to have thought so.' He then made an insulting remark in reference to Mrs. Platts, and added, 'A pretty woman,' satirically, ' you have taken for a wife.' Stopped him here by saying, ' Mr. Bull, I have borne your abuse of me patiently, but if you dare to say anything against Mrs. Platts, I'll adopt a different mode of treatment.' He answered, with a derisive laugh, 'Would you not like to make her housekeeper to Mr. Gilles?' Felt exceedingly annoyed, and left his seat. In passing the defendant, said to him, 'You know that to be a vile falsehood, you coward, you slanderer.' Defendant struck at him with his stick. Caught hold of his stick. Defendant cried out in a panic, 'See, see, he is going to strike me.' Let go his stick, and said 'I would not pollute myself with such work,' and went out of the conveyance. A person on the box gave him his seat.
     By Mr. Hanson - Took notes of the conversation the same evening. Had refreshed his memory by reference to them several times latterly. Did so that morning, the previous day, and on another occasion at the office of Mr. Gwynne. Spoke to Rogers on the subject the day after the conversation, in the presence of several persons. A few days afterwards went with him to Mr. Gwynne's office, where the statement of Rogers was taken down. Did not allude to the conversation, except by reminding him to be careful and remember what occurred. Did not call the defendant a fellow on getting into the omnibus. Mr. Bull's enmity did not originate in his having charged witness with conduct unbecoming a clergyman, but on account or Mr. Gilles having granted a piece of land for a Church upon which Mr. Bull wished to build a public-house. It did not originate in a charge made against witness by Mr. Bull of having been intoxicated at Mr. Gilles's house. This was a slander he heard afterwards. Mr. Gilles gave three acres of land at Glen Osmond, and an endowment at Glenelg. An action in law had been instituted by the trustees. Had no further ill-feeling towards Mr. Bull than what is natural to humanity. He could not help feeling after being defamed, blasphemed, and slandered. Believed in his conscience that he was now a licensed minister of the Church of England. Had received notice of the revocation of his licence, against the justice as well as the legality of which he had protested. His Diocesan had not made any charge against him, either morally or theologically. Two of his co-trustees had expressed their confidence in him, and respect towards him. Mr. Bull was one of the trustees. The Dean was a trustee, but had tendered his resignation. The conversation he had referred to was going on as the omnibus was in motion the road was perfectly smooth. Mr. Bull spoke in a very loud tone of voice. Was perfectly cool and self-possessed, and only said what he had already stated in reply to Mr. Bull's slander. Was reading the Register of June 3, which contained a reference to the decree of the Court in the former action. Did not remember having taken to the Register the paper referred to. Did not make grimaces to the defendant. Saw no newspaper in the defendant's hand. The defendant made no reference to his newspaper. The reference to black slugs was made near a place where there had been some slugs the previous year. The defendant did not say to the boy, ' Have you seen any black slugs about this place lately?' Had latterly conversations with the boy as to what he remembered of the conversation. Told him simply to state what he remembered. In the first instance the boy was examined before witnesses designedly as to what he remembered. Was present, but did not make any remarks. Was a silent spectator. Did not strike Mr. Bull in the omnibus, nor say anything irritating till the time he was about to leave the omnibus, when he called him a coward and a slanderer.
     By Mr. Gwynne - Designedly made the appointment to meet the boy at Mr. Oliver’s house, in the presence of witnesses. Did not have any previous communication with him after the affair in the omnibus. Henry Rogers, the boy referred to, stated that he went behind the Glen Osmond bus, named the Alma. Remembered the plaintiff getting in at the Vine Inn, June 3. Mr. Bull sat near the door. There was a large opening in the door. Heard Mr. Bull, who spoke loud, say to Mr. Platts, ' You can find some amusement in that paper; a fine lot of lies you published in the paper, you liar, you d -- d liar, the father of lies, and the prince of devils, you d --- d infernal crawling black slug.' He then said to witness, ' You know these black slugs that crawl about?' Replied, ' Yes.' Mr. Bull then pointed to Mr. Platts, and said, ' There's an infernal black slug.' Mr. Platts then got out of the omnibus to ride outside, but there was no room there, and he had to get in again. Mr. Bull then said, ' Poor fellow, you have got to come in again. Where is the Bible and Prayer-book you stole; Mrs. Bull's Bible and Prayer-book you stole at Walkerville ?' Mr. Platts said that Mrs. Platts had sent them to the Church at Glen Osmond. Mr. Bull then called him a b --- y rogue, a b --- y thief, and a swindler; and added, ' Where is the money you stole - the £7 you robbed the poor Sunday-school children of?' Mr. Bull then said to witness, 'You know the £7 Mrs. Unwin had the care of a little while there is the thief who stole it,' and he pointed to Mr. Platts. Then he called him again a b --- y rogue, a b --- y thief, and a swindler; and said he would give him a bellyful of law before he had done with him. He also said, 'Do you think the costs come out of my pocket? You must be a fool to think so.' He then said he would do for him before he had done with him. Mr. Platts got out at the cross roads. When he was getting out, Mr. Bull struck at him. Mr. Platts took hold of his stick and prevented it. When he was out, Mr. Bull said, ' If you had struck me I would have given you four black eyes.'
     By Mr. Hanson - Did not remember saying to Mr. Webb the same day that he did not know what the conversation was all about. Knew Mr. Seymour and Mr. Whitington. Saw Mr. Whitington and Mr. Bull together a few days afterwards. Mr. Bull asked witness if Mr. Platts didn't strike at him. Did not like to say no, for fear they should strike him. Mr. Platts had not asked him what he could remember of the conversation, but had told him to speak the truth. Had seen Mr. Platts frequently. Went to him to learn to write and do sums. Had been there a long time, about a year, off and on. Remembered Mr. Platts asking witness to listen to the remarks of Mr. Bull in the omnibus. The omnibus did not make much noise the horn was only blown at starting.
     By Mr. Gwynne - Three days after the conversation in the omnibus saw the defendant's son, and went with him into town. On the next day went with him up the road, and had some ale at the Mountain Hut. Went back to defendant's house, and had dinner there. After dinner they gave him brandy - about a wineglassful. It made him giddy, not quite drunk. The defendant was standing near the verandah. Mr. Whitington was then called in, and witness was asked by the defendant to tell his story of what occurred in the omnibus. Was not then in a condition to remember what happened.
     This was the plaintiff's case.
     Mr. Hanson addressed the Jury. The questions for them to decide were as to the language employed by the defendant, and the amount of damages which the plaintiff was entitled to recover. It had been said by the plaintiff that for some time past there had been some ill-feeling towards him by the defendant. He was not aware that this was the case, except so far as the conduct of the plaintiff justified it. There was no evidence to lead the Jury to infer that the defendant entertained any such vindictive feeling as the plaintiff would have them to suppose. It had been attempted to be shown that steps were taken to make the boy drunk in order to draw from him statements favourable to the defendant. He was prepared to show, on the testimony of two or three witnesses, that the conversation referred to took place in the morning when the congregation was going to church, and not after dinner, as alleged. And if he could do this, the assumption was inevitable that the boy had been tutored with regard to the evidence which he would be expected to give in that Court. The fact that he had given almost a verbatim account of what transpired, as compared with the evidence of the plaintiff himself, was strong presumptive proof that there had been instilled into him the kind of evidence he would be expected to give. He would put the defendant in the box, who would state what occurred, and he would also call witnesses who would depose to what the boy had stated to them after the affair, and which would place the matter in a very different light to that in which it had been placed by the plaintiff. The learned gentleman called the following witnesses : -
     The defendant said he resided with Mr. Gilles, at Glen Osmond. Remembered June 3rd. Saw the plaintiff approaching the Glen Osmond omnibus, a short distance beyond the Vine Inn. He got into it, after a little hesitation, having previously seen witness. He said to the boy in getting in, ' Mind what this fellow says,' He then sat down almost immediately opposite witness, and held out a newspaper, apparently to attract his attention. He said to the boy, ' You will subscribe to the church, my boy,' pointing at the same time to an advertisement in the paper. The bus then moved on a few yards. The driver was blowing the horn. Witness smiled in consequence of the plaintiff apparently wishing to call his attention to an advertisement which he knew appeared in the paper the day before reflecting on him. Turned to the boy and said to him, 'Mind what is said now, my boy: if you do subscribe to the church it will most likely go to the devil in law.' The plaintiff then called out, ' Vile fellow, you shall have enough law.' Replied, 'I suppose you meant that by your foolish remark to the boy.' The plaintiff then made use of some other remark, saying either blackguard or vile fellow; and pointing to the papers he held in his hand, said, 'I (or we) have got you here before the public' The bus was moving on at a good pace at the time. Took a paper from his pocket of the same day (June 3), and pretended to read an advertisement, and said, ' Lies manufactured wholesale and retail.' The plaintiff then made a sort of jump towards witness, threw his paper on the floor, and seemed to be very excited. He said, 'You blackguard, do you mean that for me ?' Replied he was reading the lying advertisement the plaintiff had drawn his attention to, and said 'the author of it was a liar, the prince of liars, and if you know anything about it, you are aware it is false.' Made no memorandum at the time. Said also, ' Where is the £7 subscriptions towards the Sunday-school? It does not appear in the account. Mrs. Unwin informed me that she paid it to you.' Referred to other omissions, and said, 'I suppose the money is spent or thrown away in law.' The plaintiff appeared to be very violent in his gestures. The bus stopped about this time to take up two other passengers. Said to the boy, ' You know the money was subscribed.' Before the bus started again said to the boy 'Have you seen any black slugs this year, my boy,' wishing thereby to turn the conversation. Mr. Platts had removed to the farther end of the bus. Was then near the place where black slugs had appeared the previous year. Did not hear the boy's answer. Mr. Platts screamed out very loud, at the top of his voice, ' Do you mean to call me a black slug?' Thought he was going to strike him and said 'You are determined to breed a disturbance, you quarrelsome fellow; you are more fit to wield the sword than the Bible. Where is Mrs. Bull's Bible we left at your lodgings when we went to hear you preach?' The plaintiff again became very violent. Heard the word slug repeated by him several times. The boy looked in and laughed. Said to the boy, ' He calls himself a black slug.' The plaintiff admitted he had the Bible. Told him he would ask him to return it whenever he saw him. Called him a mean crawling fellow for his conduct in keeping what did not belong to him. When they arrived opposite the Mitcham-road the plaintiff jumped up. Saw his fist coming in the direction of his (defendant's) head, but he struck himself, and knocked off his glasses. The plaintiff called him a vile fellow and a blackguard, and held his fist in his face. Told him to sit down ; for if he struck him, though he was a clergyman, he would return the blow. Had been laughing up to this time. The bus stopped. A spring-cart was coming when the plaintiff got out. Told him he was a coward for attempting to induce him to strike him just as witnesses were passing, and he being a clergyman. The plaintiff then got out. Did not call the plaintiff a liar, a d— d liar, the prince of liars, an infernal liar, or a crawling black slug. Did not call him a thief, or accuse him of stealing a Bible. Did not raise up his stick to strike him. Did not say he would give him a bellyful of law, or that he had destroyed two-thirds of his endowment and would destroy the other third and drive him from the colony. Saw the boy Rogers on the following Sunday morning, as the bell was ringing for the morning service. Did not remember seeing him at all that day. In the afternoon Mr. Whitington was talking to the boy, and called witness, saying. ' Here, Bull, the boy says the parson struck you.' Said to the boy, 'Oh, did he?' The boy replied, laughing, ' He held his fist in your face, and knocked his own glasses off.'
     By Mr. Gwynne - Had seen the advertisement in the Register the day before. His attention was called to it by a number of persons. Did not then take in the Register. Did so now. Did not send for the boy on the Sunday morning. Was told that his son had been out with the boy on a previous Sunday. Was angry about it. The boy and his son rode out together after the conversation on the Sunday morning. Captain Skinner and Mr. Whitington were present. Had no recollection of any conversation with either of them respecting the boy previous to his arrival in the yard. Would swear that he did not remember seeing the boy before on that morning. Was told that the boy dined in the kitchen with the servants. Did not see him. There were in his service a man servant named William Scarfe, a boy, and two women servants. Scarfe was outside the Court. He had not been subpoenaed as a witness. Had no recollection of seeing the boy go in or out of the house, at, or after dinner. Dr. Bayer had ordered that there should be no brandy kept in the house. No one could get access to any brandy in the house, except through Mrs. Bull, if there had been any there unless the key had been accidentally left in the lock! Would swear solemnly that he did not see Mrs. Bull take two glasses of brandy into the kitchen; one for the boy, and another for Scarfe. Never heard till that day anything about Mrs. Bull having given the boy brandy. His son's name who rode out with the boy was James Osmond Bull, and was 18 years of age. Could assign no reasons for the boy's dining at his house on the Sunday, except that he had been out with his son. Witness or Mrs. Bull gave the boy a shilling that day for bringing parcels from the bus. Did not remember being present. Did not know whether the boy's mother was present. Had been in Court during the whole of the proceedings. Would swear that the bell he heard ringing when the boy was in the yard was for morning-service.
     By Mr. Hanson - Never heard till the previous evening anything about brandy being given to the boy. Heard then that it was intended to be proved that day. In reference to his statement respecting the keeping of brandy in the house, he wished to correct it by stating that Dr. Bayer had ordered Mr. Gilles not to drink brandy.
     John Isaac Webb, mason, living at Glen Osmond - Knew the boy Rogers. Remembered seeing him in June last, when the horses were being taken out of the omnibus.
      Henry Rogers, recalled - When the horses were being taken out, at Goldsack's yard, had no recollection of seeing the witness Webb. Did not say to him that he knew nothing of what the disturbance was about in the omnibus.
     By Mr. Gwynne - Mr. Schuncke was the owner of the omnibus, and his stables were in Mr. Goldsack's yard. Webb was frequently in the yard. Did not think he saw him either in the morning or the evening.
     John Isaac Webb re-examined - Asked the boy Rogers, at the stable yard, what was the disturbance in the omnibus about. He replied that he did not know any- thing of what was said.
     By Mr. Gwynne - This was in the evening. Had previously heard that there had been an uproar. Said to the boy, ' There has been a bit of a hubbub, hasn't there? What's the row?' The boy said he didn't know what it was about, as he did not hear a word spoken. Had been building a cottage for Mr. Bull.
     William Smallpiece Whitington - Was at Glen Osmond on the Sunday after June 3, at Mr. Gilles's residence. Saw the boy Rogers there about half-past 10 in the morning. Saw him the same day after 3 o'clock, but did not speak to him. Had a conversation with the boy in the morning. Mr. Bull did not ask the boy to relate what happened in the omnibus. The boy had not the slightest appearance of having been drinking brandy when witness saw him in the afternoon.
     By Mr. Gwynne - Did not see the boy that day at the house at all, but in the section. His attention was directed to him by a number of miners calling out, ' There's the boy, there's the boy that saw the fight.' Did not take any brandy at the house. Was very frequently there. Never saw any brandy in the house.
     Abel Skinner, captain of the Glen Osmond Mine - Remembered meeting the boy Rogers between 10 and 11 o'clock on the Sunday morning after June 3. Mr. Whitington asked the boy about the disturbance in the bus. The boy said that Mr. Platts struck at Mr. Bull, and dropped his spectacles, and that Mr. Bull sat laughing at him.
     By Mr. Gwynne - Did not hear Mr. Whitington call for Mr. Bull. Might have heard him if he had.
     William Scarfe, groom to Mr. Gilles - Remembered the boy Rogers being at the defendant's on a Sunday between 9 and 10 o clock. Dined with him that day. He had no brandy, but a glass of wine was given him at dinner.
     By Mr. Gwynne - Had also a glass of wine. Did not taste that drunk by the boy. It was both taken from the same jug. Mr. Bull's son gave it them. Did not see him pour it from the jug. Had not been subpoenaed to give evidence. Drove Mr. Bull part of the way into town that morning. Saw Mr. Bull at noon that day. Mr. Bull did not say anything to him respecting his evidence. Was subpoenaed that morning before 12 o'clock.
     By a Juror - It was a general rule at Mr. Gilles's for the servants to receive a glass of wine on the Sunday after dinner.
     This concluded the evidence for the defence.
     Mr. Gwynne called Mrs. Rogers, wife of Henry Rogers, and mother of the boy Rogers. She stated that she had resided seven years at Glen Osmond. Remembered the Sunday after June 3rd. Her son came home in the afternoon a little intoxicated. He gave her 2s., at which she was surprised, Mr. Bull only giving him in general 6d.
     Mr. Hanson directed the attention of the Jury to the unsatisfactory character of the evidence of the boy Rogers, which he maintained had been proved to be such as could not be credited, and by the contradictory evidence of the witnesses called for the defence. He argued that Mr. Bull could not have any possible motive in giving him brandy or money on the Sunday to induce him to make a statement which might be used against him. The evidence of Mr. Whitington, Mr. Skinner, and of the other witnesses, given in a manner which fully proved that there was no preconcerted arrangement on the matter, was quite conclusive on that subject. Then with regard to the evidence of the plaintiff, which it was attempted to corroborate by that of the boy, their individual evidence was so literally the same that it was impossible to avoid the conviction that the boy had been trained to repeat what he had given in evidence. The words said to have been used by the defendant were so precisely identical, as related by the plaintiff and the boy, both as to their exact nature and the order in which they were delivered, that the conviction was inevitable that the boy had been instructed as to what he should repeat in evidence. The most charitable inference in regard to the boy was, that he had been so frequently taught his lesson that he had come to the belief that the language really was uttered in the omnibus as he had related it. With regard to the defendant's conduct, he did not deny that he had used irritating language. This was attributable to the advertisement contained in the newspaper, to which his attention had been directed by the plaintiff himself; but the squabble which took place in an omnibus, where there was no other person to witness what occurred except the boy, was not of that character to entitle the plaintiff to come before the Jury and ask for damages in that Court. The plaintiff had stated that he believed the defendant entertained ill-feeling towards him previous to the circumstances stated in the evidence. This might rather be regarded as an evidence that he himself entertained such feelings, and consequently was prejudiced against the defendant. The learned counsel concluded an eloquent address by some references to the position of the plaintiff as a licensed clergyman, and by expressing his confidence that the Jury would do his client ample justice.
     Mr. Gwynne, in his address to the Jury, remarked upon the fact that the defendant had not attempted to plead justification. This he well knew was not in his power ; and he was conscious that his only chance of successfully defending the action was by shaking the testimony of the boy. With regard to the brandy said to have been given to him, the evidence on that subject was not brought forward by him (Mr. Gwynne), but came out during his re-examination. Whether, however, it was brandy or wine which was given to the boy was immaterial. It was evident that he had been given a potion for a specific purpose, and sent home to his mother with 2s., being perhaps the largest sum of money he ever possessed. He went home wealthy and tipsy at the defendant's expense. The defendant, failing to accomplish his purpose in this manner, attempted in another way to shake the boy's evidence by contradictory testimony, which had also signally failed. His learned friend had dwelt upon the circumstance that the testimony of the plaintiff and the boy was so strictly in agreement; but, had this been otherwise- had there been discrepancies in the evidence - it might in like manner have been used for the same purpose. But with regard to the evidence of the defendant, it was to be remarked that he had been present during the whole of the previous proceedings and had heard the manner in which the plaintiff had given his evidence. Besides, the defendant had the advice of his learned counsel; and it was evident that his testimony was precisely of that character which they would expect a nisi prius counsel to recommend. The defendant had admitted having used certain irritating expressions, but every- thing which was libellous was most dexterously left out. His evidence consisted only of 'elegant extracts;' it was a kind of milk-and-water evidence - a wasp without its sting. His learned friend had a desperate case to uphold; but unless they could believe that the plaintiff, who was a clergyman of unimpeachable character, had not only himself committed wilful and corrupt perjury, but had also trained the boy to do the same, the Jury must find for the plaintiff. He left the matter fearlessly in their hands, conscious that they would give the plaintiff exemplary damages.
     His Honor carefully summed up the evidence, during which he remarked, in reference to the credibility of the boy Rogers, that he was convinced by his experience in courts of justice that in nine cases out of ten of perjury, of which he had witnessed a great deal, it was committed by the adult male witnesses. Women and young persons generally spoke the truth. The Jury retired, and shortly afterwards returned a verdict for the plaintiff, damages £200.

     - - - - - - - - -

LAW AND CRIMINAL COURTS
SUPREME COURT.— IN BANCO.
Wednesday October 14.
[Before the Full Court]
Platts v. Bull
     This was an action for the verbal slander, tried at the recent Civil Sittings of the Court, when the Jury found for the plaintiff, damages £200. Mr. Gwynne appeared for the plaintiff and the Attorney-General for the defendant. The proceedings were fully reported in this paper. The Attorney-General subsequently obtained a 'rule nisi, to set aside the verdict', on the ground of surprise, and produced two affidavits in support of the application. The first of these was made by Mary Albert, servant to the defendant, affirming that the witness, Henry Rogers, dined at the defendant's house June 9th, the date on which he stated in Court the defendant had given him brandy to drink. That on that day she gave him a glass of colonial wine, which was all the drink he took in the house, except water. Also, that she had resided in the defendant's house more than a year, and had not seen brandy or spirits there for several months past; and further, that neither the defendant nor the witness William Smallpiece Whitington had any conversation with the boy Rogers on the day in question. The other affidavit was made by James Osmond Bull, son of the defendant, and by Isaac Henderson. The former stated that he accompanied the boy Rogers on horseback several miles on the Mount Barker-road, during which the latter drank only a glass of colonial ale; that he was with him about an hour after dinner, but saw no appearance of excitement or intoxication. Also, that on his leaving the house, Mrs. Bull paid Rogers 1s 6d for delivering parcels from the omnibus during the previous week. The deponent Henderson confirmed the above statement as to the witness Rogers showing no signs of intoxication daring the afternoon of Sunday, June 7th. Mr. Gwynne appeared to show cause why the verdict should not be set aside. The learned gentleman recapitulated the evidence adduced at the trial, and argued that the plaintiff had no grounds on which to base the plea of surprise. He objected to the affidavits on account of the names of the deponents not appearing in the jurat.
     The Court held the objection to be valid and dismissed the case with costs. on 19 September 1857.⁵

     SOUTH AUSTRALIAN VOLUNTEER MILITARY FORCE
Staff Appointment.— Mr. Horatio Lloyd Williams (late Lieutenant 86th Regiment), to be first Sub-Instructor, with the rank of Lieutenant. Force Appointment!.— John Wrathall Bull to be
Lieutenant; Mr. Septimus Webster, to be Lieutenant, vice Claxton, superseded for absence without leave. Mr. Young Willes Hodges, to be Sergeant-Major; Messrs. William Jeff, vice Jennings (absent from the colony), James Roberts, David Davie, John Soil, Edward Turner, and Adolphus Attersoll, to be Sergeants; Messrs. Samuel Heanes, John Manson Bailey, and William Hurlev. to be Corporals. His Excellency the Governor-in-Chief has been pleased to accept of the resignation of Mr. Edward Amand Wright, as Lieutenant of the Glenelg Rifle Company.
(4 May 1860.)⁶

     John Wrathall Bull was employed as Farmer, Estate Manager, Vigneron, others. Inventor of the "Stripper" reaping machine. about 1875.⁷

     In about 1875 John Wrathall lived Adelaide; Mount Barker, Glen Osmond, Bull Creek, Bowyer Station (Rapid Bay), Hackney, College Park.

     THE RIDLEY REAPER.
TO THE EDITOR.
Sir — The letters in your paper of the 21st inst on the extensive use of the reaping-machine in this colony call for a few remarks from me. I will, in the first instance, state most distinctly that I have no desire to detract in any way from the credit properly due to Mr. Ridley for carrying out to a practical success my original invention. In yielding to Mr. Ridley honour for his share in producing an implement which has so greutly aided agricultural operations, I may with propriety claim that "the honour should be divided," because the principle and the details which he adopted were in all essential respects those which I alone previously exhibited in competition for a prize offered by the Reaping-Machine Committee. To prove this more fully I must go back to the harvest ot 1842-43; but I will be as brief as possible. The wheatgrowers of that season now in this land will with me remember that the' yield was about 40 bushels an acre, and was saved with the greatest difficulty for want of hands. To overcome this difficulty a few gentlemen in Adelaide (to be honourably mentioned) subscribed a sufficient amount to offer a reward of £80 for the best harvesting machine. A committee was appointed, which sat at Payne's Hotel (now called the Exchange Hotel), and met in the month of June, 1843, to receive plans and models, and to award the prize to the best invention produced. I was one of the exhibitors. My model showed beaters to act on the standing corn above a projecting comb - the beaters to be driven by a belt or belts, or by gear connected with the wheels of the carriage. My design did not gain the prize, which was given to a Mr. W. Murray for a cutting machine, which when constructed was never taken into the field. My model was left in the office of Messrs. Hamilton and Henderson (our first city corn merchants) for public inspection. Their clerk, Mr. Thornber, had acted as honorary secretary to the Committee. I should mention that Mr. Kidley was present when I exposed my model, and it is said he was called in to act as a judge; but this I do not know and scarcely believe, as shortly after the meeting he met me and expressed his approval of my design. I referred him to my model, and left him without stipulation to carry out my idea, as it was then out of my power to get a machine constructed. I returned to my home in the Mount Barker District a disappointed man, having passed many sleep'ess nights in devising my production. But I shortly afterwards, by the advice of friends, employed Mr. S. Marshall, then of Currie-street, now of Rundle-street, to make me a machine, which I successfully worked during the following harvest and until I gave up farming. I have never denied Mr. Ridley's claim for consideration at the hands of our fellow-colonists; but I must modestly assert that I have a just claim 'to divide honours.' I hold several certificates and offer them for your inspection, from exhibitors and other old colonists, which I have never before made use of publicly, and which prove my claim. Perhaps I ought to have produced them long ago, but as I have lived to see what a great benefit has been conferred, I now desire before I depart this life to leave to my children and grandchildren at least a legacy of honour, not having received either that or any substantial benefit for my share in this matter.
     I am, Sir, &c,
     JOHN WRATHALL BULL.⁸

     The Invention of the Harvester. —
The following petition was presented to the House of Assembly on Tuesday: — ' The petition of the undersigned, John Wrathall Bull, humbly showeth that on the nineteenth day of September, 1843, in response to an advertisement in the newspapers, your petitioner exhibited, at a meeting of the Corn Exchange Committee held at Pane's Hotel, Adelaide, a working model of a harvesting machine, consisting of a long toothed comb fixed on a close-bodied cart, the teeth being operated on by revolving beaters. At that meeting other models were shown, but on cutting and mowing principles only (See file of Register and Observer.) That no plan or model then exhibited was approved by the committee, the report being signed by the late Mr. William Peacock, Chairman. That your petitioner was not able to construct such a machine as he had produced, but convinced of the value of bis invention, deposited his model with the late Mr. Thornber, Hon. Secretary to the committee, in the offices of Messrs. Hamilton aud Henderson, to be open to the pnblic. That your petitioner claims to be the inventor and first publisher of the machine harvesting a standing crop of grain with comb and beaters, which principle has up to this time been in common use, and has proved a great benefit to agriculturists in this colony. That to continue and support the position he had gained, your petitioner did, on March 15, 1845, after such machine had been used in two harvests and been constructed by more than one maker, publish a letter in the Observer fully setting out his claim. That it is generally admitted that your petitioner, as the inventor of such machine, is entitled to some compensation. Your petitioner therefore humbly prays that your honourable House will recognise his services by the grant of a sum of money to him, and for the purpose of investigating his claim will appoint a Select Committee or otherwise as to your honourable House may seem fit and your petitioner, as in duty bound, will ever pray. - John Wrathall Bull (15 October 1880) on 15 October 1880.⁹

     John Wrathall Bull was left a Widower at the age of 77, on the death of his wife, Mary on 25 February 1882 in Palm Place, Hackney, Adelaide, South Australia.¹⁰

     John Wrathall Bull, son of John Bull and Elizabeth Wrathall, died on Tuesday, 21 September 1886, in College Park, Adelaide, South Australia.¹¹
     FUNERAL NOTICE
          THE Friends of Mr. JOHN
     WRATHALL BULL are informed that
     his FUNERAL will Leave his late Residence,
     Harrow-road, College Town, for All Souls' Church,
     thence to the North Road Cemetery, This Day
     (Thursday), at 3 p m.
     266-6 GEORGE DOWNS & SON. Undertakers.¹²

     He was buried in North Road Anglican Cemetery, Nailsworth.¹³
     His Gravestone Inscriptionshows -
     / "For Ever With The Lord" / In Loving Memory / of / Our Dear / Father and Mother /
john Wrathall Bull / Died Sep^r 21 1886, Aged 82 / ------ / Mary Brant Bull. / Died Feb^r 25 1882, Aged 66 / ------ / Come into Me All That Travail / And are Heavy Laden, And I Will / Refresh You. " Matt, XI. 26 /

     ABSTRACT OF NEWS
Adelaide, October 4
Obituary.— Mr. John Wrathall Bull, an old
and highly esteemed colonist, died at College
Park on September 21, aged 82. Deceased
was the son of the late Rev. John Bull, M. A.
of Northampton, England, and was born at
St. Paul's, Cray, Kent. He arrived in South
Australia in 1838 by the ship Canton, and
entered into agricultural pursuits. In 1852
he went to the Victorian goldfields, where he
was very successful. He returned to Adelaide
in the following year and became noted
as a husbandman. The Parliament voted
him £250 in recognition of his labours in the
improvement of agricultural appliances. He
took an active interest for some time in military
matters. In 1881 Mr. Bull lost his wife,
but he leaves behind him several children.¹⁴

Bull, John Wrathall (1804–1886)
by H. J. Finnis
This article was published in Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 1, (MUP), 1966

     John Wrathall Bull (1804-1886), agent, farmer and author, was born on 23 June 1804, in St Paul's Cray, Kent, England, the son of Rev. John Bull, incumbent of St John's, Walthamstow, Essex. After some years of dairying in Cheshire, he moved to Cranfield in Bedfordshire, where he applied successfully as farmer and shepherd for a free passage to South Australia. In the Canton he arrived in Adelaide with his wife and two infant sons in May 1838. He set up as a land and stock agent, and representative of absentee landholders. In the depression of the early 1840s he took up farming in the Mount Barker district, on three sections acquired soon after arrival. For some time he also owned a sheep station near Rapid Bay, named Bowyer after his wife. In 1852 he visited the goldfields of Victoria, and next year returned to South Australia where he became manager of a farm formerly held by Osmond Gilles at Glen Osmond.
     Bull was one of the earliest settlers to become interested in mechanical harvesting. By experiments in December 1842 he discovered that heads of wheat were less wastefully swept off with beaters than cut off. He produced a skeleton model of a harvesting machine which, with fifteen others, was exhibited before a meeting of the Adelaide Corn Exchange committee in September 1843. The committee reported that it 'did not feel justified in recommending it for general adoption'. Bull's was the only model to embody the novel principle of a horizontal projecting comb, and revolving beaters driven by a belt from the carriage wheels. He claimed that John Ridley had approved the principle and embodied it in the harvesting machine that he produced soon after the exhibition. It would appear to be undoubted that Ridley built the first machine and that Bull originated the stripping principle which was the operative factor in its success.
     The rival claims of Bull and Ridley to the title of inventor of the stripper were the subject of long controversy. In 1843 Ridley had the limelight and Bull was more interested in using wheat for fattening sheep before they were boiled down for tallow, a topic of rural economy that he expounded in three long articles in October in the Adelaide Observer. The controversy was revived after 1875 by proposals to establish a Ridley chair of agriculture in the new University of Adelaide. Supported by influential friends and by mechanics who had made the original harvesting machine, Bull petitioned Parliament in 1880 for a grant in recognition of his invention. After long inquiry he was given £250 in 1882 - for services in improving agricultural machinery. Bull was active in the volunteer militia movement and was lieutenant in command of the companies at Mitcham and Glen Osmond. His wife died on 25 February 1882, aged 86, and he died at College Park on 21 September 1886. Of their ten children, only two survived him, one of them a farmer at Wallup, Victoria.
Bull's Early Experiences of Colonial Life in South Australia (Adelaide, 1878) first appeared as critical but rambling reminiscences in the South Australian Chronicle.
Revised and enlarged by the addition of some imprecise colonial history, the work was republished in Adelaide and London in 1884.

     
     Mr John Bull in Australia
     By GEOFF WELLS
EARLY EXPERIENCES IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA.
By John Wrathall Bull. Libraries Board of South Australia.
Australian Facsimile Edition No A124 1972. $7.50

FOR many people, Patrick White's novel 'The Tree of Man' remains the ultimate statement of Australian genesis.

     Outside the professional historian and the occasional hobbyist, few of the general reading public have bothered to go past White to actual historical documents. This book is a facsimile of such a document. Its value to the historian is clear: I would like to consider what it has to offer the non-specialist.
     Published in 1883, it is a subjective account of South Australian settlement from 1838 to that time. It includes a few introductory chapters on the preliminary stages of founding the colony. The writer, ironically enough, is named John Bull.
     He was, in nearly all respects, the precise mean of the early free settlers: a merchant, at first an importer of stock, who later took up a selection on the outskirts of the city; a man of substance, who had the tolerant ear of those governing the colony; a devout but pragmatic churchgoer; a precisely defined liberal, whose tolerance functioned smoothly within the secure limits of self-interest; a firm believer in the predestined inevitability of progress, and of the seeds of future glory in his newly adopted homeland; in short, a good man to all eyes, his own modestly included.
     As befits a gentleman settler, the range of his interests is wide. But the nature of the man is clearly demonstrated in the priorities he accords. The development of the colony is above all seen in terms of rising financial assets; there are frequent passages analysing monetary matters, and whole aggrieved chapters detailing the inconsiderate acts of Governors towards hard-working capitalists.
     There are long accounts of the formation of the churches: Bull sees the supplying of a clergyman to the Methodists by a chance ship-wreck as the natural result of prayer and Providence. With scrupulous care, he details the courage and perseverance of the agricultural settlers (including himself) in taming a hostile land. His own small contribution was the conception of the reaping machine, which idea struck him like a bolt from Heaven as he stood Biblical among the antipodean corn.
     Exploration comes into its own too. Bull is a surprisingly good chronicler of these arduous forays into a totally unknown land. Sturt and Stuart are both given detailed consideration, the transcripts of their journals being supplemented by his own synopses and observations. Bull is, in fact, remarkably free from that early colonialist view which could only paint a eucalypt as an ash. The country is alien but real to him, and even inspires unsuspected feelings of wonder and awe towards it.
     In Bull's eyes, the human (more or less) scourges of the colonist are convicts and natives. The first engender some exciting accounts of flight and violent capture in the best tradition. A part from minor inconveniences, Bull doesn't seem to mind ruffians over much. It is clear to him that drink has been their down fall; and anyway, they create vigorous excitement, and afford splendid opportunities for presenting his own measured moral sentiments.
     But the native problem is an entirely different thing. Nearly half the chapters of the book are partially or wholly concerned with it. So much is it the leitmotif of the book, both in content and emotive power, that the title could equally be "How we fought the natives, and other reminiscences".
     Most fascinating of all are the contradictions in his attitudes to the native question. Not so long ago, Bob Dylan sang,

"Now I'm liberal, but to a degree;
I want everybody to be free;
But if you think I'm going to let Barry Goldwater
Move in next door and marry my daughter,
You must think I'm crazy!"

     This expresses John Bull's position to a nicety. Taking an objective stand, he can deplore the failures of Protection:
     "The question is, has justice been done (to the natives)? I say it has not, and I think the contrary will not be asserted". He can admit that "our countrymen . . . have treated the Aboriginals with insult and injustice". But faced with challenges of a direct and personal nature, he can as easily talk about "... a race of human beings just one step removed above the beasts that perish". He can further speculate with near certainty that they are cannibals. It is obvious to him that the natives knew they were British subjects: " (The Governor) told the blacks he came from their great Queen, that she loved her black people . . ." They should therefore be treated as subjects in revolt.
     The thing that particularly bothers John Bull about natives is that you can't trust them. If you walk up to them with a gun, you never know if they will throw a spear at you or not. A very confusing situation, admittedly; if not for the settler, at least for the natives.
     This amalgam of liberalism and bigotry, welded together in the flux of unquestioning ethnocentricity, is of hypnotic fascination. Some may find in it that peculiar propensity for comfortably negotiating a network of double standards which has been said to mark Australian culture. It is, at the very least, an electrifying revelation of our forbears' psychology.
     There are, of course, a thousand and one things of interest to the local inhabitant. The genesis of the renowned Adelaide establishment, and of the guide-lines set down for future social and economic development are still of great relevance to a South Australian.
     But, as is so often the ease with these subjective glimpses of history, it is on the man, John Bull, that the fascination of this book centres. Most readers will find much unfailingly interesting material in this man's view of his life and times. And for those disposed towards an ironic understanding of human foibles, there are many pearls of rare value.¹⁵

     John Bull, son of Benjamin Bull and Ellen Blood, was born in Longford, Derbyshire, in 1810.
     He was Baptised on Sunday, 25 February 1810 in St. Chad's Church, Longford, Derbyshire .
     St. Chad's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "John, son of Benjamin Bull baptised."^1,2

     John Bull, son of George Bull and Ellen Holford, was born in Longford, Derbyshire, in 1820.
     He was Baptised on Sunday, 23 July 1820 in St. Chad's Church, Longford, Derbyshire .
     St. Chad's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #273 - John, son of George and Ellen Bull of Longford, Potcarrier."¹

     John Bull, son of George Bull and Ellen Holford, was married to Sarah Rutland, daughter of William Rutland, on Tuesday, 19 April 1842 at St. Mary's Church, Marston on Dove, Derbyshire.
     St. Mary's Church Marriage Register - "Entry #28 - John Bull, Full Age, Bachelor, Labourer of Longford, son of George Bull (no occupation given) and Sarah Rutland, Full Age of Hilton, daughter of William Rutland (no occupation given). By Banns.
     John Signed and Sarah X her mark and Witnessed by James x Kneverton and Mary Cook."²

          In the 1851 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 30 March 1851, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at Longford, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Sarah Bull, Amy Bull, Elizabeth Bull and John Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     Married     30     Ag. lab.     DBY. Longford.³
          ; Sarah Bull     Wife     Married     33     ---     DBY. Hilton.⁴
          ; Amy Bull     Daughter     7     At home     DBY. Longford.⁴
          ; Elizabeth Bull     Daughter     4     ---     DBY. Longford.⁴
          ; John Bull     Son     2     DBY. Longford.⁴

          In the 1861 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 7 April 1861, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at Longford Lane, Longford, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Sarah Bull, Bessy Bull, Rachel Bull, Simeon Bull and Sarah Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     Married     40     Labourer     DBY. Longford.⁵
          ; Sarah Bull     Wife     Married     43     Labourer's Wife     DBY. Hilton.⁵
          ; Bessy Bull     Daughter     Unmarried     15     ---     DBY. Longford.⁵
          ; Rachel Bull     Daughter     10     Scholar     DBY. Longford.⁵
          ; Simeon Bull     Son     7     Scholar     DBY. Longford.⁶
          ; Sarah Bull     Daughter     3     ---     DBY. Longford.⁶

          In the 1871 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 2 April 1871, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at May Thorn, Hilton, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Sarah Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     Married     50     Ag.Lab.     DBY. Longford.⁷
          ; Sarah Bull     Wife     Married     53     Labourer's Wife     DBY. Hilton.⁷

     John Bull, son of George Bull and Ellen Holford, died in 1875 in Derbyshire, his Death was Registered at the Burton Register Office in the Oct-Nov-Dec Quarter of 1875, He was survived by his wife, Sarah.⁸

     John Bull, son of Charles Bull and Elizabeth Hudson, was born in Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire, about 1822.¹


          The U.K.Census of 6 June 1841 listed him in the Household of Charles Bull, at Common Piece, Osliston & Thurvaston, Derbyshire, who is listed as -
     Charles Bull     60     Farmer     Yes.²
     John's entry for the 1841 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     20     Yes.³

     John Bull, son of Charles Bull and Elizabeth Hudson, was married to Sarah Sheratt, daughter of Thomas Sherratt and Sarah Tipper, on Thursday, 19 October 1843 at St. Mary's Church, Marston on Dove, Derbyshire.
     St. Mary's Church Marriage Register - "John Bull, Full Age, Bachelor, Labourer of Sutton, son of Charles Bull, (no occupation given) and Sarah Sherratt, Full Age, Spinster of Marston, daughter of Thomas Sherratt (no occupation given). According to the Rites and Ceremonies of the Church of England. Witnesses - Reuben Bull and Mary Lancaster."^4,5

          In the 1851 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 30 March 1851, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at Hilton Heath, Hilton, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Emma Bull, Caroline Bull, Charles Bull and Sarah Bull nee Sherrat,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     Married     29     Ag. Labourer     DBY. Sutton.⁶
          ; Sarah Bull     Wife     Married     31     ---     DBY. Hilton.⁶
          ; Emma Bull     Daughter     6     Scholar     DBY. Sutton.⁶
          ; Caroline Bull     Daughter     4     Scholar     DBY. Hilton.⁶
          ; Charles Bull     Son     16m     ---     DBY.     Hilton.⁶

          In the 1861 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 7 April 1861, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at Burnt Heath Road, Hilton, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Sarah Bull nee Sherrat, Hannah Bull, Francis John Bull and George W. Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     Married     39     Ag. Lab.     DBY. Thurvaston.⁷
          ; Sarah Bull     Wife     Married     41     Labourer's Wife     DBY. Hilton.⁷
          ; Hannah Bull     Daughter     8     Scholar     DBY. Hilton.⁷
          ; Francis John Bull     Son     4     Scholar     DBY. Hilton.⁸
          ; George Bull     Son     2     DBY. Hilton.⁷

     John Bull, son of Charles Bull and Elizabeth Hudson, died in 1864 in Burton on Trent, Staffordshire, his Death was Registered at the Burton Register Office in the Oct-Nov-Dec Quarter of 1864, He was survived by his wife, Sarah.⁹

     John Bull, son of Benjamin Bull and Ellen Blood, was born in Longford, Derbyshire, in 1830.
     He was Baptised on Wednesday, 22 September 1830 in St. Chad's Church, Longford, Derbyshire .
     St. Chad's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #596 - John, son of Benjamin and Ellen Bull of Longford, Labourer."¹

     John Bull, son of Benjamin Bull and Ellen Blood, died in December 1830,"in infancy."

     He was buried in St. Chad's Church, Longford on Wednesday, 22 December 1830.
     St. Chad's Church Parish Register Entry - '#277 - John Bull of Longford, an infant, was Buried.²'

     John Bull, son of John Bull and Hannah Milward, was born in Longford, Derbyshire, in 1833.
     He was Baptised on Sunday, 22 December 1833 in St. Chad's Church, Longford, Derbyshire .
     St. Chad's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #710 - John, son of John and Hannah Bull of Longford, Labourer."¹

          The U.K.Census of 6 June 1841 listed him in the Household of John Bull, at Nether Thurvaston, Derbyshire, who is listed as -
     John Bull     38     Ag. Lab.     Yes.²
     John's entry for the 1841 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     7     ---     Yes.²

     John Bull, son of John Bull and Hannah Milward, died in August 1841 in Nether Thurvaston, Derbyshire, his Death was Registered at the Ashbourne Register Office in the Jul-Aug-Sep Quarter of 1841.³

     He was buried in St. Chad's Church, Longford on Friday, 6 August 1841.
     St. Chad's Church Parish Register Entry - '#478 - John Bull of Longford Lane, aged 7 years of Scarlet Fever, was Buried.⁴'

     John Bull, son of William Bull and Margaret Gettliffe, was born in Thurvaston, Derbyshire, in 1833.
     He was Baptised on Sunday, 3 March 1833 in St. Michael's Church, Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire .¹
     

          The U.K.Census of 6 June 1841 listed him in the Household of William Bull, at Cropper, Osleston & Thurvaston, Derbyshire, who is listed as -
     William Bull     35     Ag. Lab.     Yes.²
     John's entry for the 1841 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     1     Yes.³

     The 1851 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - William Bull, at Thurvaston, Osliston & Thurvaston, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          William Bull     Head     Married     44     Ag.Lab.     DBY. Longford.⁴
     John's entry for the 1851 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     Unmarried     17     Errand Boy     DBY. Thurvaston.⁴

     John Bull, son of William Bull and Margaret Gettliffe, died in March 1866 in Lane Ends, Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire, his Death was Registered at the Burton Register Office in the Jan-Feb-Mar Quarter of 1866.⁵

     He was buried in St. Michael's Church, Sutton on the Hill on Sunday, 11 March 1866.
     St. Michael's Church Parish Register Entry - 'Entry #461 : John Bull of Lane End, aged 32 years, was Buried.⁶'

     John Bull, son of James Bull and Anne Wigelsworth, was born in Cubley, Derbyshire, in 1838.
     He was Baptised on Thursday, 24 May 1838 in St. Andrew's Church, Cubley, Derbyshire .
     St. Andrew's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #359 - son of James & Anne Bull, Farmer of Cubley."^1,2

          The U.K.Census of 6 June 1841 listed him in the Household of William Bull, at Mill House, Cubley, Derbyshire, who is listed as -
     William Bull     M.     60     Ag.Lab.     Yes.³
     John's entry for the 1841 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     M.     5yrs.     Yes.⁴

          The U.K.Census of 6 June 1841 listed him in the Household of James Bull, at Sandy Brook, Ashbourne, Derbyshire, who is listed as -
     James Bull     35     Gardener     Yes.⁵
     John's entry for the 1841 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     3     ---     Yes.⁵

          The U.K.Census of 30 March 1851 listed him as a Grandson of the Head of Household - John Bull, at Common Farm, Cubley, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
     John Bull     Head     Widower     76     Farmer of 130 Acres emp. 2 men     DBY. Cubley.⁶
     John's entry for the 1851 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Gr.Son     13     Farmer's Grandson     DBY. Cubley.⁶

     John C. Bull, son of Isaac Bull and Sarah Burrows, was born in Hilton, Derbyshire, on Thursday, 11 November 1841.
     He was Baptised on Sunday, 12 December 1841 in St. Mary's Church, Marston on Dove, Derbyshire .
     St. Mary's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #148 - John, son of Isaac & Sarah Bull of Hilton, Farmer, was Baptised."^1,2

          The U.S.Census of 26 July 1860 listed him as a son of the Head of Household - Isaac Bull, at Merton, Waukesha Co., Wisconsin, U.S.A; Isaac Bull     Male     55     White          Farmer     3000 300     England.³
     John's entry for the 1860 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     18     White     Male     Farmer     England.³

     Enlisted Aug 21, 1862, Corporal. Mustered out Aug 23, 1865.

     John C. Bull was married to Catherine McCormick on Sunday, 24 November 1867 at Waukesha Co., Wisconsin, U.S.A..

     John C. Bull was married to Cora Jane Florence on Wednesday, 4 June 1902 at Owatonna, Steele, Illinois, U.S.A..

     John C. Bull, son of Isaac Bull and Sarah Burrows, died on Saturday, 5 June 1915, in Pomona, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A..

     He was buried, Cerro Gordo on Wednesday, 23 June 1915.

     John Bull, son of Samuel Bull and Ann Potter, was born in Long Lane, Derbyshire, in 1854, his Birth was Registered at the Burton on Trent Register Office in the Apr-May-Jun Quarter of 1854.¹      He was Baptised on Sunday, 9 July 1854 in St. Michael's Church, Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire .
     St. Michael's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #761 - John, son of Ann and Samuel Bull, a Shoemaker of Long Lane was Baptised."²

     The 1861 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - Samuel Bull, at Osliston, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          Samuel Bull     Head     Married     47     Shoemaker     DBY. Longford.³
     John's entry for the 1861 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     7     ---     DBY. Osleston.³

     In the U.K.Census of 2 April 1871, John was recorded as residing at Meynell Langley, Derbyshire.
     John's listing is -
     John Bull     Serv.     Unmarried     16     Farm Servant, Indoors     DBY. Long Lane ( to George Jerram jnr. Farmer and his family).⁴

     John Bull, son of Samuel Bull and Ann Potter, was married to Hannah Thornhill, daughter of William Thornhill, on Tuesday, 18 March 1873 at St. Michael's Church, Kirk Langley, Derbyshire.
     St. Michael's Church Marriage Register - "Entry #132 : John Bull, 20, Bachelor, servant of Kirk Langley, son of Samuel Bull, Shoemaker & Hannah Thornhill, 22, Spinster of Kirk Langley, daughter of William Thornhill, deceased. According to the Rites & Ceremonies of the Established Church. Witnessed by William Bull and Eliza Ridgard."⁵

          In the 1881 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 3 April 1881, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at The Green, Mickleover, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Hannah Bull, Ann Bull, John William Bull, Samuel Bull, Edward Bull and William Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     M     26     M     Agricultural Labourer     DBY. Longlane.⁶
          ; Hannah Bull     Wife     M     29     F     DBY. Mickleover.⁶
          ; Ann Bull     Daughter     U     7     F     Scholar     DBY. Kirk Langley.⁶
          ; John William Bull     Son     U     6     M     Scholar     DBY. Mickleover.⁶
          ; Samuel Bull     Son     U     5     M     Scholar     DBY. Mickleover.⁶
          ; Edward Bull     Son     U     4     M     DBY. Mickleover.⁶
          ; William Bull     Son     U     2     M     DBY. Mickleover.⁶

          In the 1891 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 5 April 1891, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at The Green, Mickleover, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Hannah Bull, Samuel Bull, Edward Bull, William Bull, Sarah Bull and Eliza Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     Married     36     General Labourer     DBY. Long Lane.⁷
          ; Hannah Bull     Wife     Married     39     ---     DBY. Mickleover.⁷
          ; Samuel Bull     Son     Single     15     Farm Servant     DBY. Mickleover.⁷
          ; Edwardl Bull     Son     Single     14     Scholar     DBY. Mickleover.⁷
          ; William Bull     Son     Single     12     Scholar     DBY. Mickleover.⁷
          ; Sarah Bull     Daughter     9     Scholar     DBY. Mickleover.⁷
          ; Eliza Bull     Daughter     1     ---     DBY. Mickleover.⁷

          In the 1901 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 31 March 1901, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at The Green, Mickleover, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Hannah Bull, Samuel Bull, William Bull, Sarah Bull and Eliza Bull plus his grandson George aged 6,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     Married     47     General Labourer     DBY. Long Lane.⁸
          ; Hannah Bull     Wife     Married     50     ---     DBY. Mickleover.⁸
          ; Samuel Bull     Son     Single     24     Gen. Farm labourer     DBY. Mickleover.⁸
          ; William Bull     Son     Single     22     Butcher's Assistant     DBY. Mickleover.⁸
          ; Sarah Bull     Daughter     Single     19     ---     DBY. Mickleover.⁸
          ; Eliza Bull     Daughter     Single     11     ---     DBY. Mickleover.⁸

          In the 1911 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 2 April 1911, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at Cattle Hill, Mickleover, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Hannah Bull and William Bull plus a grand-daughter Nellie aged 8,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     56     Married     Bricklayer's Labourer     DBY. Long Lane.⁹
          ; Hannah Bull     Wife     59     Married 38 years, (Children born alive: Born: 9. Living: 6. Died: 3.)     ---     DBY. Mickleover.⁹
          ; William Bull     Son     32     Single     Butcher's Assistant     DBY. Mickleover.⁹

     John Bull was left a Widower on the Death of his wife, Hannah, whose Death was Registered in the an unknown place Registration District, in the Oct-Nov-Dec Quarter of 1914.¹⁰

     John Bull, son of Samuel Bull and Ann Potter, died in 1932 in Mickleover, Derbyshire, his Death was Registered at the Burton on Trent Register Office in the Jan-Feb-Mar Quarter of 1932.¹¹

     He was buried in All Saints Church, Mickleover on Wednesday, 27 January 1932.
     All Saints Church Parish Register Entry - 'Entry #155 : John Bull of Mickleover, aged 77 years, was Buried.¹²'

     John Bull, son of Reuben Bull and Elizabeth Blood, was born in 1842.
     He was Baptised on Sunday, 3 March 1844 in St. Chad's Church, Longford, Derbyshire .
     St. Chad's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #1072 - John, son of Reuben and Elizabeth Bull, of Bupton."¹

          The U.K.Census of 30 March 1851 listed him as a Grandson of the Head of Household - Mary Bull nee Blood, at Bupton, Longford, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
     Mary Bull     Head     Widow     74     Ag.lab's widow     STS. Narrowdale.²
     John's entry for the 1851 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Grandson     8     At home     DBY. Longford.²

     In the U.K.Census of 2 April 1871, John was recorded as residing at Court 1, Victoria Street, Derby, Derbyshire.
     John's listing is -
     John Bull     Lodger     Unmarried     30     Labourer     DBY. Longford     (in the household of John Stevens and his family).³

     He was Baptised on Monday, 16 August 1847 in St. Michael's Church, Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire .
     St. Michael's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #638 - John the son of Hannah and William Bull, a Labourer of Osliston, was Baptised."¹
     John Bull, son of William Bull and Hannah Jeffery, was born in Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire, in 1847, his Birth was Registered at the Burton on Trent Register Office in the Jul-Aug-Sep Quarter of 1847.²

     The 1851 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - William Bull, at Osliston, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          William Bull     Head     Married     44     Ag.Lab.     DBY. Sutton.³
     John's entry for the 1851 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     3     DBY. Osliston.³

     In the U.K.Census of 7 April 1861, John was recorded as residing at Osliston, Derbyshire.
     John's listing is -
     John Bull     Serv.     Unmarried     Waggoner's Boy     DBY. Osleston.⁴

     John Bull, son of William Bull and Hannah Jeffery, died in 1870 in Burton on Trent, Staffordshire, his Death was Registered at the Burton on Trent Register Office in the Jul-Aug-Sep Quarter of 1870.⁵

     He was buried in St. Michael's Church, Sutton on the Hill on Tuesday, 6 September 1870.
     St. Michael's Church Parish Register Entry - 'Entry #493 - John Bull, aged 23 years, of Burton upon Trent, was Buried.⁶'

     John Bull, son of George Bull and Faith Thompson, was born in Longford, Derbyshire, in December 1850.¹
     He was Baptised on Sunday, 29 December 1850 in St. Chad's Church, Longford, Derbyshire .
     St. Chad's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #1274 - John, son of George and Faith Bull of Longford, Carrier was Baptised."²

     The 1851 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - George Bull, at Bupton, Longford, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          George Bull     Head     Married     40     Ag.Lab.     DBY. Longford.³
     John's entry for the 1851 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     5mths.     ---     DBY. Longford.³

     The 1861 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - George Bull, at Daisy Hill, Longford, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          George Bull     Head     Married     50     Common Carrier     DBY. Longford.⁴
     John's entry for the 1861 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     10     Scholar     DBY. Longford.⁴

     Sarah Rutland, daughter of William Rutland, was born in Hilton, Derbyshire, in 1818.¹


     Sarah Rutland, daughter of William Rutland, was married to John Bull, son of George Bull and Ellen Holford, on Tuesday, 19 April 1842 at St. Mary's Church, Marston on Dove, Derbyshire.
     St. Mary's Church Marriage Register - "Entry #28 - John Bull, Full Age, Bachelor, Labourer of Longford, son of George Bull (no occupation given) and Sarah Rutland, Full Age of Hilton, daughter of William Rutland (no occupation given). By Banns.
     John Signed and Sarah X her mark and Witnessed by James x Kneverton and Mary Cook."²

     The 1851 U.K.Census listed her as the Wife of the Head of Household - John Bull, at Longford, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          John Bull     Head     Married     30     Ag. lab.     DBY. Longford.³
     Sarah's entry for the 1851 Census was recorded as -
          Sarah Bull     Wife     Married     33     ---     DBY. Hilton.⁴

     The 1861 U.K.Census listed her as the Wife of the Head of Household - John Bull, at Longford Lane, Longford, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          John Bull     Head     Married     40     Labourer     DBY. Longford.⁵
     Sarah's entry for the 1861 Census was recorded as -
          Sarah Bull     Wife     Married     43     Labourer's Wife     DBY. Hilton.⁵

     The 1871 U.K.Census listed her as the Wife of the Head of Household - John Bull, at May Thorn, Hilton, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          John Bull     Head     Married     50     Ag.Lab.     DBY. Longford.⁶
     Sarah's entry for the 1871 Census was recorded as -
          Sarah Bull     Wife     Married     53     Labourer's Wife     DBY. Hilton.⁶

     Sarah Bull was left a Widow on the Death of her husband, John, whose Death was Registered in the an unknown place Registration District, in the Oct-Nov-Dec Quarter of 1875.⁷

     John Bull, son of John Bull and Sarah Rutland, was born in Longford, Derbyshire, in 1848, his Birth was Registered at the Ashbourne Register Office in the Jul-Aug-Sep Quarter of 1848.¹      He was Baptised on Sunday, 1 October 1848 in St. Chad's Church, Longford, Derbyshire .
     St. Chad's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #1210 - John, son of John and Sarah Bull of Longford Lane, Labourer."²

     The 1851 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - John Bull, at Longford, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          John Bull     Head     Married     30     Ag. lab.     DBY. Longford.³
     John's entry for the 1851 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     2     DBY. Longford.⁴

     John Bull, son of John Bull and Sarah Rutland, died in March 1852 in Derbyshire, his Death was Registered at the Ashbourne Register Office in the Jan-Feb-Mar Quarter of 1852.⁵

     He was buried in St. Chad's Church, Longford on Monday, 8 March 1852.
     St. Chad's Church Parish Register Entry - '#723 - John Bull of Sutton Lane, Longford, aged 3 years, was Buried.⁶'

     He was Baptised on Sunday, 28 May 1848 in All Saints Church, Dalbury Lees, Derbyshire .
     All Saints Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #264 : John Bull, son of Ann and Thomas Bull, a Labourer of Dalbury Lees, was Baptised."¹
     John Bull, son of Thomas Bull and Ann Woolley, was born in Derbyshire in 1848, his Birth was Registered at the Ashbourne Register Office in the Jul-Aug-Sep Quarter of 1848.²

     The 1851 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - Thomas Bull, at Dalbury, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          Thomas Bull     Head     Married     26     Agr. Lab.     DBY. Sutton.³
     John's entry for the 1851 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     2     DBY. Lees.³

     The 1861 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - Thomas Bull, at Dalbury, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          Thomas Bull     Head     Married     36     Ag. Lab.     DBY. Thurvaston.⁴
     John's entry for the 1861 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     So     13     DBY. Dalbury.⁵

     John Bull, son of Thomas Bull and Ann Woolley, was married to Hannah Shirley, daughter of William Shirley, on Tuesday, 8 March 1870 at St. Werburgh's Church, Derby, Derbyshire.
     St. Werburgh's Church Marriage Register - "Entry #444 - John Bull, of Full Age, Bachelor, Labourer of Bold Lane, Derby, son of Thomas Bull, Labourer & Hannah Shirley, of Full Age, Spinster of Bold Lane, Derby, daughter of William Shirley, Labourer. By Banns. Witnessed by John Shirley and Sarah Elizabeth Shirley."^6,7

          In the 1871 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 2 April 1871, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at Ct. 5, 16 Bold Lane, Derby, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Hannah Bull and Annie Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     Married     22     Labourer in Brickyard     DBY. Dalbury Lees.⁸
          ; Hannah Bull     Wife     Married     25     ---     DBY. Dalbury Lees.⁸
          ; Annie Bull     Daughter     1     ---     DBY. Dalbury Lees.⁸

     John Bull, son of Thomas Potter and Harriet Hall, was born in Thurvaston, Derbyshire, in 1853, his Birth was Registered at the Burton on Trent Register Office in the Oct-Nov-Dec Quarter of 1853.¹      He was Baptised on Thursday, 16 February 1854 in St. Michael's Church, Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire .
     St. Michael's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #755 - John Bull son of Harriet and Thomas Bull, a Butcher of Cropper, was Baptised."²

     The 1861 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - Thomas Potter, at Cropper, Osliston, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          Thomas Bull     Head     Married     24     Butcher     DBY. Thurvaston.³
     John's entry for the 1861 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     7     Scholar     DBY. Thurvaston.³

     The 1871 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - Harriet Bull, at 9 Bank Street, Broughton, Salford, Lancashire, who is recorded as -
          Harriet Bull     Head     Widow     38     ---     DBY. Hilton.⁴
     John's entry for the 1871 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     17     Pattern Designer     DBY. Cropper.⁴

     The 1881 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - Harriet Bull, at 4 Anne Street, Cheetham, Lancashire, who is recorded as -
          Harriett Bull W 48 F Marston On Dove, Derby, England     Rel: Head     Occ: Householder.⁵
     John's entry for the 1881 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull U 27 M Thurvastone, Derby, England     Rel: Son     Occ: Textile Designer (C.)⁵

     John Bull, son of William Bull and Margaret Ryan, was born in Lambeth, Surrey, in 1856, his Birth was Registered at the Lambeth Register Office in the Jan-Feb-Mar Quarter of 1856.^1,2

     The 1861 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - William Bull, at 8 Upper Marsh, Lambeth, Surrey, who is recorded as -
          William Bull     Head     Married     38     Baker - Master     DBY. Sutton.³
     John's entry for the 1861 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     5     ---     SRY. Lambeth.⁴

     The 1871 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - William Bull, at 33 Church Street, Lambeth, Surrey, who is recorded as -
          William Bull     Head     Married     48     Baker     DBY. Derby.⁵
     John's entry for the 1871 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     Unmarried     15     Scholar     SRY. Lambeth.⁵

     John Bull was married to Elizabeth Pope in 1875 at Church of St. Saviour, Southwark, London, Southwark, Jul-Aug-Sep Quarter.⁶

          In the 1881 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 3 April 1881, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at 9 Hooper Street, Lambeth, Surrey, also in the Household were Elizabeth Pope, Charles Pope, Margaret Bull, Mary Ann Bull and John Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull M 25 M Lambeth, Surrey, England     Rel: Head Occ: Labourer.⁷
          ; Elizebeth Bull     M     32     F     Bermondsey, Surrey, England     Rel:     Wife.⁸
          ; Charles Bull 13 M Lambeth, Surrey, England     Rel: Son Occ: Scholar.⁸
          ; Margret Bull 4 F Middlesex, England     Rel: Daughter Occ: Scholar.⁸
          ; Mary Ann Bull 2 F Bermondsey, Surrey, England     Rel: Daughter.⁸
          ; John Bull 1 M Lambeth, Surrey, England     Rel: Son.⁸

     Margerie Bull, daughter of Richard Bull and Timisin Carlton, was born in Doveridge, Derbyshire, in 1594/95, possible place of Birth - derived from Baptism.
     She was Baptised on Friday, 10 March 1594/95 in St. Cuthbert's Church, Doveridge, Derbyshire .
     St. Cuthbert's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Margerie Bull, daughter of Richard Bull, was baptised."¹

     John Bull, son of John Bull and Eliza Salt, was born in Etwall, Derbyshire, in 1863.
     He was Baptised on Sunday, 5 April 1863 in St. Helen's Church, Etwall, Derbyshire .
     St. Helen's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #82 : John, son of Eliza and John Bull, a Labourer of Etwall, was Baptised."¹

     The U.K.Census of 2 April 1871 listed him as a Brother in Law of the Head of Household - Herbert Dakin, at Town Street, Mickleover, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          Herbert Dakin     Head     Married     33     Ag. Lab.     DBY. Mickleover.²
     John's entry for the 1871 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Bro. in Law     8     Scholar     DBY. Etwall.³

     The 1881 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - John Bull, at 10 Portland Place, Etwall, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          John Bull     Head     Married     65     Bricklayer's Labourer     DBY. Thurvaston.⁴
     John's entry for the 1881 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     Unmarried     19     Gardener, Domestic     DBY. Etwall.⁴

     John Bull, son of John Bull and Eliza Salt, was married to Sarah Ann Bannestar in the Register Office, Derby, Derbyshire, in 1890.
     Their Marriage was recorded in the an unknown place Registration District in the Oct-Nov-Dec Quarter of 1890.⁵

          In the 1891 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 5 April 1891, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at Shattersbury Crescent, Derby, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Sarah Ann Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     Married     28     Iron Maker     DBY. Etwall.⁶
          ; Sarah A. Bull     Wife     Married     30     ---     DBY. Mugginton.⁶

          In the 1901 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 31 March 1901, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at 84 Boyer Street, Derby, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Sarah Ann Bull, Annie Louisa Bull, Agnes May Bull, Edith Eliza Bull and Eliza Bull nee Salt,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     Married     38     Confectioner's Traveller     DBY. ---.⁷
          ; Sarah Ann Bull     Wife     Head     Married     40     ---     DBY. ---.⁷
          ; Annie Louisa Bull     Daughter     ---     9     ---     DBY. Derby.⁷
          ; Agnes May Bull     Daughter     ---     6     ---     DBY. Derby.⁷
          ; Edith Eliza Bull     Daughter     ---     4     ---     DBY. Derby.⁷
          ; Eliza Bull     Mother     Widow     75:TAB:]---     STS. Burton, Branston.⁷

     John Bull aged 42 years was admitted to Derbyshire Royal Infirmary, Derby, Derbyshire, on April 1905 with Malignant Endocarditis. He Died on 15 August 1905 of Endocarditis.⁸

     John Bull, son of John Bull and Eliza Salt, died on Tuesday, 15 August 1905 in Derbyshire Royal Infirmary, Derby, Derbyshire.^9,8

     John Bull, son of Reuben Bull and Harriet Pegg, was born in Cropper, Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire, in 1870.
     He was Baptised on Sunday, 16 October 1870 in St. Michael's Church, Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire .
     St. Michael's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Entry #161 - John Bull, son of Harriet and Reuben Bull, a Wheelwright of Thurvaston was Baptised."¹

     The 1871 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - Reuben Bull, at Osliston, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          Rubin Bull     Head     M.     46     Carpenter     DBY.     Sutton on the Hill.²
     John's entry for the 1871 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     6mths     DBY. Cropper.²

     The 1881 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - Reuben Bull, at Osliston & Thurvaston, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          Reuben Bull M 56 M Thurvaston, Derby, England     Rel: Head     Occ:     Wheelwright.³
     John's entry for the 1881 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull 10 M Cropper, Derby, England     Rel: Son     Occ: Scholar.³

     The 1891 U.K.Census  listed him as a son of the Head of Household - Reuben Bull, at Cropper Lane, Osliston, Derbyshire, who is recorded as -
          Reubin Bull. Head     Married     67     Wheelwright.     DBY. Osliston.⁴
     John's entry for the 1891 Census was recorded as -
          John Bull     Son     Single. 20     Farm Servant.     DBY. Cropper.⁴

     Marriage Banns for John Bull and Jane Whawell were published in December 1893 in St. Michael's Church, Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire,
Register Entry states - "John Bull of Sutton & Jane Whawell of Quarndon."⁵

     John Bull, son of Reuben Bull and Harriet Pegg, was married to Jane Whawell on Saturday, 20 January 1894 at St. Paul's Church, Quarndon, Derbyshire.
     St. Paul's Church Marriage Register - "John Bull, 23, Bachelor, Wheelwright of Cropper, Sutton on the Hill, son of Reuben Bull, Wheelwright & Jane Whawell, 22, Spinster of Quarndon, daughter of George Whawell, Farmer. By Banns. Witnessed by George Wragg & Edith Taft."^6,7

     In 1895 In Bulmer's Directory of Derbyshire. 1895 for Osliston with Thurvaston Township, it states that Thomas & John Bull were Wheelwrights of Cropper.⁸

          In the 1901 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 31 March 1901, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at Osliston & Thurvaston, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Jane Bull nee Whawell, Lucy Bull, Richard Bull, Walter Bull and Ada Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     Married     30     Wheelwright     DBY. Cropper.⁹
          ; Jane Bull     Wife     Mar     29     ---     DBY. Heage.⁹
          ; Lucy Bull     Daughter     6     ---     DBY. Derby.⁹
          ; Richard Bull     Son     4     ---     DBY. Thurvaston.⁹
          ; Walter Bull     Son     2     ---     DBY. Thurvaston.⁹
          ; Ada Bull     Daughter     1     ---     DBY. Thurvaston.⁹

          In the 1911 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 2 April 1911, John was recorded as the Head of the Household at Cropper Lane, Etwall, Derbyshire, also in the Household were Jane Bull nee Whawell, Richard Bull, Walter Bull, Ada Bull, Ernest Frank Bull, Wilfred Bull and Edwin Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; John Bull     Head     Married     40     Wheelwright     DBY. Cropper.¹⁰
          ; Jane Bull     Wife     39     Married 17 years, (Children born alive: Born: 8. Living: 7. Died: 1.)     ---     DBY. Heage.¹⁰
          ; Richard Bull     Son     14     Work at Home     DBY. Thurvaston.¹⁰
          ; Walter Bull     Son     12     ---     DBY. Thurvaston.¹⁰
          ; Ada Bull     Daughter     11     ---     DBY. Thurvaston.¹⁰
          ; Ernest Frank Bull     Son     8     ---     DBY. Cropper.¹⁰
          ; Wilfred Bull     Son     6     ---     DBY. Cropper.¹⁰
          ; Edwin Bull     Son     3     ---     DBY. Cropper.¹⁰

     John Bull was left a Widower at the age of 48, on the Death of his wife, Jane, whose Death was Registered in the Burton on Trent Registration District, in the Jan-Feb-Mar Quarter of 1919.^11,12

          In the U.K. 1939 Registration for England & Wales, held on 29 September 1939, John Bull was recorded as the first person in the 5 person Household at Burnaston, Derbyshire. Also in the Household were entries for Walter Bull and Florence M. Bull and 2 non-family entries,
     the listing for this Household is -
          ; John Bull;     DoB - 8 September 1870     Male;     Dairy Farmer & Wheelwright     Widower.¹³
          ; Walter Bull;     DoB - 24 August 1898     Male;     Dairy Farmer, Assisting Father     Single.¹⁴
          ; Florence Bull;     DoB - 20 February 1911     Female;     Domestic Duties     Single.¹⁵

     John Bull, son of Reuben Bull and Harriet Pegg, died on Thursday, 22 April 1943 in Burnaston, Derbyshire, his Death was Registered at the Shardlow Register Office in the Apr-May-Jun Quarter of 1943.^16,12 John Bull was buried in St. Michael's Church, Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire,
     Monumental Inscription - / In loving memory of / Jane / the beloved wife of John Bull / of Burnaston / who died March 10th. 1919 / aged 48 years / Also of / John / her dearly beloved husband / at rest April 22nd 1943 / Aged 72 years /.¹⁷

     Elyzabethe Beardmore was born about 1540, Estimated from Marriage Date.


     Elyzabethe Beardmore was married to Rauffe Bull on Thursday, 5 November 1564 at Ellastone, Staffordshire.¹

     Elyzabethe Beardmore died in April 1596.

     She was buried in St. Peter's Church, Ellastone on Saturday, 6 April 1596.
     St. Peter's Church Parish Register Entry - 'Elyzabethe Bull, Widow was Buried.²'

     Rauffe Bull, son of Thomas Bull and Agnes, was born in Ellastone, Staffordshire, before 1538, possible place of Birth - Parents lived in the Parish
Estimated from Marriage Date.¹


     Reference: is mentioned in his father's Will, as co-executor in 1558.

     He was a Survivor of his father, Thomas Bull, who died in 1558.²

     His mother, Agnes Bull, died 1558.³

     Rauffe Bull was married to Elyzabethe Beardmore on Thursday, 5 November 1564 at Ellastone, Staffordshire.⁴

     Rauffe Bull, son of Thomas Bull and Agnes, died in October 1580.

     He was buried in St. Peter's Church, Ellastone on Thursday, 30 October 1580.
     St. Peter's Church Parish Register Entry - 'Raphe Bull     .. bur.⁵'

     Joseph Bull, son of Richard Bull and Sarah, was born in Uttoxeter, Staffordshire, on Saturday, 2 May 1699.¹
     He was Baptised on Wednesday, 6 May 1699 in St. Mary the Virgin's Church, Uttoxeter, Staffordshire .
     St. Mary the Virgin's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Joseph the son of Richard Bull of the Woodlands and Sarah his wife, born on 2nd. was baptized on 6th May. (Anglican denomination.)²"

     Joseph Bull, son of Thomas Bull and Sarah Dakin, was born in Cropatop, Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire, in 1767.
     He was Baptised on Sunday, 8 March 1767 in St. Michael's Church, Sutton on the Hill, Derbyshire .¹
     

     Joseph Bull, son of Thomas Bull and Sarah Dakin, died in October 1767.

     He was buried in St. Michael's Church, Sutton on the Hill on Saturday, 3 October 1767.¹

     Joseph Bull, son of John Bull and Sarah Prestbury, was born about 1778.
     He was Baptised on Sunday, 21 June 1778 in St. Andrew's Church, Cubley, Derbyshire .
     St. Andrew's Church Baptismal Register Entry - "Joseph Bull, son of John and Sarah Bull, was Baptised."¹

     Joseph Bull was married to Sarah Wakefield on Sunday, 7 October 1821 at Nuneaton, Warwickshire.²

          In the 1841 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 6 June 1841, Joseph was recorded as the first person in the Household at Garratt's Lane, Hamlet of Attleborough, Nuneaton, Warwickshire,
     also in the Household were Sarah Wakefield, Joseph Bull, Ann Bull and Rachael Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; Joseph Bull     60     Ag.Lab.     No (Not Born in this County).³
          ; Sarah Bull     40     ---     Yes (Born in this County).³
          ; Joseph Bull     15     ---     Yes (Born in this County).³
          ; Ann Bull     8     ---     Yes (Born in this County).³
          ; Rachael Bull     2     ---     Yes (Born in this County).³

          In the 1851 U.K.Census, held on Sunday, 30 March 1851, Joseph was recorded as the Head of the Household at Garratt's Lane, Attleboro, Nuneaton, Warwickshire, also in the Household were Sarah Wakefield, Joseph Bull, Ann Bull and Rachael Bull,
     the listing for the Household is -
          ; Joseph Bull     Head     Married     72     Pauper, formerly Ag.Lab.     DBY. Cubley.⁴
          ; Sarah Bull     Wife     Married     50     Ribbon Weaver     WAR. Attleborough.⁴
          ; Joseph Bull     Son     Unmarried     25     Ribbon Weaver     WAR. Attleborough.⁴
          ; Ann Bull     Daughter     Unmarried     18     Ribbon Weaver     WAR. Attleborough.⁵
          ; Rachel Bull     Daughter     12 Ribbon Weaver     WAR. Attleborough.⁴

     Joseph Bull, son of John Bull and Sarah Prestbury, died in 1853 in Nuneaton, Warwickshire, his Death was Registered at the Nuneaton Register Office in the Jan-Feb-Mar Quarter of 1853, He was survived by his wife, Sarah.⁶